How Does an Electrocardiogram Work?
February 9, 2026An electrocardiogram, often called an EKG or ECG, is a simple, painless test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. It helps healthcare providers understand how well your heart is working and can identify rhythm problems or signs of heart disease.
For patients in Athens, GA, and across Northeast Georgia, an electrocardiogram is often one of the first tools used to evaluate symptoms like chest pain, palpitations, dizziness, or shortness of breath. People in nearby communities such as Bogart, Greensboro, Lavonia, Watkinsville, or Winterville may also receive EKG testing as part of routine or urgent care.
What Is an Electrocardiogram?
An electrocardiogram records the electrical signals that cause the heart to beat. Every heartbeat starts with an electrical impulse that travels through the heart muscle. The EKG captures this activity and displays it as a series of waves on a screen or paper.
This test does not use needles or electricity entering the body. It simply records the heart’s natural electrical signals.
How Does an Electrocardiogram Work?
Small adhesive sensors called electrodes are placed on the chest, arms, and legs. These electrodes detect electrical signals from the heart and send them to the EKG machine.
The test usually takes just a few minutes and can be done during a routine visit with a primary care provider in Athens, GA, or in a hospital or clinic setting.
Frequently Asked Questions About Electrocardiograms
No. An EKG measures electrical activity, while an echocardiogram uses ultrasound to show the heart’s structure and movement.
Most EKGs take less than 10 minutes, including setup time.
No. The test is painless and noninvasive.
An EKG can show signs of a current or past heart attack, but additional tests may be needed to confirm a diagnosis.
No special preparation is needed. Wearing a two-piece outfit can make electrode placement easier.
Your provider will recommend testing based on your symptoms, risk factors, and medical history.
What Can an EKG Detect?
An electrocardiogram can help identify:
- Irregular heart rhythms
- Signs of a previous or current heart attack
- Heart muscle enlargement
- Effects of high blood pressure
- Electrical conduction problems
EKGs are often used alongside other tests to provide a fuller picture of heart health.
When Might I Need an Electrocardiogram?
Your provider may recommend an EKG if you have:
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Palpitations or a racing heartbeat
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness or fainting
- High blood pressure
- A family history of heart disease
Routine EKGs may also be part of ongoing monitoring for patients with known heart conditions.
What to Expect During an EKG
- You will lie still on an exam table
- Electrodes are placed on the skin of the chest and abdomen
- You may be asked to hold your breath briefly
- The test is painless and quick
- Results are reviewed by your provider, who will explain what they mean and whether additional testing is needed.
Are There Any Risks?
Electrocardiograms are very safe. Some people may notice mild skin irritation at the electrode sites, but there are no serious risks associated with the test.
Have questions about your heart rhythm or symptoms? We are here to help.
Find a St. Mary’s Primary Care location serving Athens and nearby communities, including Bogart, Greensboro, Lavonia, and Watkinsville.
