Cervical Cancer Awareness: Signs, Screening Guidelines, and Why Early Detection Saves Lives

What Is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer starts in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It most often develops slowly over time, typically starting as precancerous changes caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus that spreads through intimate contact.

While HPV is incredibly common, not all types lead to cancer, and the immune system often clears the virus naturally. However, certain high-risk strains can cause cervical cells to change and grow abnormally.

Who’s at Risk?

Cervical cancer can affect women of all ages, but certain factors increase your risk:

• Long-term infection with high-risk HPV strains
• Not receiving routine Pap smears or HPV testing
• Smoking
• A weakened immune system
• Having multiple full-term pregnancies
• A history of other STIs
• Lack of access to regular OB/GYN care

Warning Signs to Watch For

Cervical cancer often has no early symptoms, which is why regular screening is so important. When symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Unusual vaginal bleeding (between periods, after sex, or after menopause)
• Pelvic pain or discomfort
• Pain during intercourse
• Unusual vaginal discharge
• Changes in urinary habits or bowel movements

If you notice any of these signs, don’t wait; talk to your OB/GYN or primary care provider. Early detection saves lives.

Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends:

• Age 21–29: Pap smear every 3 years
• Age 30–65:
  • Pap smear every 3 years, or
  • HPV test every 5 years, or
  • Co-testing (Pap + HPV) every 5 years
• Age 65+: Screening may stop if you’ve had consistent normal results
• After a hysterectomy: Screening may not be necessary. Ask your provider

Your provider may adjust this schedule based on your personal history or risk factors.

Prevention: The Role of the HPV Vaccine

The HPV vaccine is one of the most powerful tools we have for preventing cervical cancer. It protects against the most dangerous HPV strains and is recommended for:

• Girls and boys ages 9–12 (before potential exposure)
• Catch-up vaccines through age 26
• Some adults ages 27–45, depending on risk, ask your provider if it’s right for you

Vaccination, combined with regular screening, is your best protection.

We’re Here to Make Screening Easy and Comfortable

We understand that Pap tests and pelvic exams can be uncomfortable, not just physically, but emotionally. That’s why our providers take the time to:

• Explain each step clearly and gently
• Listen without judgment
• Offer trauma-informed care and extra support for anxious patients
• Build long-term relationships based on trust, respect, and whole-person wellness

Whether it’s your first Pap smear or your tenth, you deserve care that’s compassionate and kind.

Schedule Your Screening or OB/GYN Visit Today

Our team is here to help you stay healthy and informed, with services close to home:

• Athens Internal Medicine Associates – Athens
• Community Internal Medicine of Athens – Athens
• Georgia Family Medicine – Watkinsville
• Good Samaritan Primary Care – Greater Greene County area
• Sacred Heart Primary Care – Greater Franklin County area
• St. Mary's Family Medicine – Bogart
• St. Mary’s Internal Medicine Associates – Watkinsville/Oconee
• St. Mary’s Internal Medicine Associates on Chase – North Athens/Jackson/Madison
• St. Mary's Primary Care – Athens